What is PCS?
The Preferences for Creativity Scale (PCS) was developed by researchers in the
Brite Lab at Penn State University with the goal of identifying factors that
contribute to the promotion and filtering of creative concepts in the design
process. This survey helps individuals assess their perceptions and preferences
for creativity, and potentially helps them improve their design behaviors as well as the design outcomes.
Specifically, the full PCS survey (116-item) was first generated to evaluate individual’s personalities, and creative risk taking attitude in three dimensions including personal bias and cognitive style, creative confidence and motivation, as well as social effects and the environment.
The short PCS survey (23-item) was extracted from the full survey using the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) based on the survey responses of 280 engineering students. Four main factors were identified from the analyses, which were Team Centrality and Influence, Risk Tolerance, Creative Confidence and Preference, and Motivation.
The Preferences for Creativity Scale (PCS) was developed by researchers in the Brite Lab at Penn State University with the goal of identifying factors that contribute to the promotion and filtering of creative concepts in the design process. This survey helps individuals assess their perceptions and preferences for creativity, and potentially helps them improve their design behaviors as well as the design outcomes.
Toh, C., and Miller, S., 2016, "The Preferences for Creativity Scale (PCS): Identifying the underlying constructs of creative concept selection," Design Engineering Technical ConferenceCharlotte, NC.
Abstract
Creativity is highly emphasized during the engineering design process, but prior research has shown that decision- making biases and individual attributes can affect perceptions and preferences for creativity. However, there is a lack of knowledge of how to measure creativity during concept selection, or about the factors that affect designers’ preferences for creative concepts in an engineering design context. As a first step in understanding what factors contribute to the promotion or filtering of creative concepts during concept selection, this study investigates the factors that can affect preferences for creativity through the development of a psychometric survey that assesses student designers’ preferences for creativity through Exploratory Factor Analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis. The result of these analyses is the 23-item Preferences for Creativity Scale (PCS) that assesses an individual’s preference for creativity in engineering design on 4 major dimensions: (1) Team Centrality, (2) Risk Tolerance, (3) Creative Confidence/ Preference, and (4) Motivation. The results of these analyses provide a foundation for studying creativity in the design process and allow for future research that investigates the factors that influence creative concept selection in engineering design.
Keywords: Creativity, Concept selection, Psychometric Scale, Preferences for Creativity, Factor Analysis, Design Process
Specifically, the full PCS survey (116-item) was first generated to evaluate individual’s personalities, and creative risk taking attitude in three dimensions including personal bias and cognitive style, creative confidence and motivation, as well as social effects and the environment.
The short PCS survey (23-item) was extracted from the full survey using the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) based on the survey responses of 280 engineering students. Four main factors were identified from the analyses, which were Team Centrality and Influence, Risk Tolerance, Creative Confidence and Preference, and Motivation.
The Preferences for Creativity Scale (PCS) was developed by researchers in the Brite Lab at Penn State University with the goal of identifying factors that contribute to the promotion and filtering of creative concepts in the design process. This survey helps individuals assess their perceptions and preferences for creativity, and potentially helps them improve their design behaviors as well as the design outcomes.
Toh, C., and Miller, S., 2016, "The Preferences for Creativity Scale (PCS): Identifying the underlying constructs of creative concept selection," Design Engineering Technical ConferenceCharlotte, NC.
Abstract
Creativity is highly emphasized during the engineering design process, but prior research has shown that decision- making biases and individual attributes can affect perceptions and preferences for creativity. However, there is a lack of knowledge of how to measure creativity during concept selection, or about the factors that affect designers’ preferences for creative concepts in an engineering design context. As a first step in understanding what factors contribute to the promotion or filtering of creative concepts during concept selection, this study investigates the factors that can affect preferences for creativity through the development of a psychometric survey that assesses student designers’ preferences for creativity through Exploratory Factor Analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis. The result of these analyses is the 23-item Preferences for Creativity Scale (PCS) that assesses an individual’s preference for creativity in engineering design on 4 major dimensions: (1) Team Centrality, (2) Risk Tolerance, (3) Creative Confidence/ Preference, and (4) Motivation. The results of these analyses provide a foundation for studying creativity in the design process and allow for future research that investigates the factors that influence creative concept selection in engineering design.
Keywords: Creativity, Concept selection, Psychometric Scale, Preferences for Creativity, Factor Analysis, Design Process